Stone and Rock Inscriptions (A 02)
A 2-1
A 2-2
A 2-3
A 2-4
A 2-5
A 2-6
A 2-7
A 2-8
A 2-9
A
2-10
A 2-11
A 2-1
Description:
Building inscription of two lines with both lines of the same content, reporting the building of a burganani building, which is likely a stable or pen for sacrificial animals. The inscription is engravend on a cylindrical stone which probably served as a column base. The stone once found in the church of Aralesk (Lesk), today Kalecik, 5 km north of Van Kalesi. The Urartian Fortress is registered under number 201 by Charles Burney (1957): 43 and 45. The stone disappeared together with the church, the measurements are unknown. The inscription is, however, documented by a squeeze made by Lehmann-Haupt (CICh plate XLII, photo of the cast, reproduced in Salvini 2018: CTU V: 43-44. The inscription shows an old ductus which is typical for the oldest inscriptions.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006876/] of A 2-1.
Bibliography:
Burney, Charles A. (1957): Urartian Fortresses and Towns in the Van Region, Anatolian Studies 7: 43, 45.
Concordance:
Schulz (1840) plate XXXVI = Lehmann-Haupt (1928–35): CICh 10 (plate XLII, photo of the squeeze) = Melikišvili (1960): UKN 17 = König (1955–1957): Hchl 5a = Arutjunjan (2001) KUKN 19 = Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 2-1 (CTU V: 41-44 with a reproduction of the photo of the squeeze published in CICh 10, plate XLII, and a drawing by Schulz 1840.
A 2-2
Description:
Building inscription of three lines with the same text repeated three times. The inscription is engraved on seven circular stones which probably served as column bases (Exemplars A–G).
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006877/] of A 2-2.
Sources:
All seven exemplars A, B, C, D, E, F, G very likely stem from the fortress of Zivistan (today Elmalı), see Burney 1957: 43, no. 202 and 45. Today they are kept in museums: three at the Georgian Museum of Tbilisi (D, E, F), one at the Museum of Van (B), and one at the British Museum in London (G: BM 90869 = CICh 6A, plate I, photo). Exemplar B was still in private possession on 9 August 2002 in a stable in the village of Zivistan (today Elmalı) and was afterwards acquired by the Museum of Van.
Dimensions:
B: diameter 77 cm, height 16/17 cm, line height 3.6/3.8 cm.
D: diameter 77/78 cm, height 49 cm (of the inscribed part 13,5 cm), line height 3,3/3,5 cm.
E: diameter 79 cm, height 42 cm (of the inscribed part 13,5 cm), line height 3,4 cm.
F: diameter 76 cm, max. height 18 cm (only two lines preserved), max. height 3,4 cm.
The space between the lines is in all exemplars 1,5 cm.
Concordance:
A 2-2A-F = CICh 4 a-f = UPMG 1-3 = UKN 4-10 = HchI 4a-f = KUKN 8-13; A 2-2G = UKN 13 = HchI 4g = CICh 6A (Taf. I, photo) = KUKN 16.
A 2-3
Description:
Four fragments probably belonging to the same inscription. Due to
the poor state of preservation, the content of the inscription remains
unclear. Fragment A, however, refers to the god Ḫaldi and the god
Quera, while fragment C mentions Išpuini (the name is partly restored).
The fragments were immured at the end of the 19th century into an
Armenian house in Zewastan (Zivistan, today Elmalı). They probably all stem from the
fortress of Zivistan (today Elmalı), ca. 7 km in the southwest of Van (see Burney 1957: 43, no. 202, and 45). The dimensions and a description of the fragments, which are today lost, are given in CICh col. 20 and HchI: 2.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006878/] of A 2-3.
Sources:
Dimensions:
Stone: length: 25 cm, height: 28 cm. Inscription: height: 10, 5 cm, line heigth: 3,8-4 cm (see CICh col. 20 and HchI: 2).
Concordance:
A 2-3a-d = Lehmann-Haupt (1900): 11 = CICh 5 A-D = UKN 11 A-D =
HchI 3a-d = KUKN 14 A-D.
A 2-4
Description:
Very fragmentarily preserved inscription with rests of two lines on a stone fragment found in the church of Zivistan (today Elmalı), today lost. Line 1 mentions Išpuini in unclear context.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006879/] of A 2-4.
Dimensions:
height 28 cm, width 25 cm, height of the inscribed surface 10 cm, line height 4, 3 cm, sign height 3,8-4 cm; see CICh col. 21, sub No. 6.
Concordance:
A 2-4 = CICh 6 = UKN 12 = Hchl 2 = KUKN 15.
A 2-5
Description:
Rock inscription, inscribed in a rock niche of an isolated rock. Niche facing east-north east. The inscription is badly preserved and almost unreadable. The inscription is in situ near Zivistan and Edremit.
Edition:
Sources:
Dimensions:
height: 150 cm; width: 120 cm; length: 8 cm
Bibliography:
Belli, Oktay and Ali M. Dinçol (1980): Hazine Piri Kapısı ve Asağı Zivistan taş ocakları (Die Inschrift von Hazine Piri Kapısı und die Steinbrüche um der Burg von Nieder-Ziwistan), AnAr VIII, Istanbul 1982: 169-181 (with 9 tables).
Concordance:
Salvini (2008) and Salvini (2018): CTU I 2-5
A 2-6
Description:
Foundation inscription of the fortress Ashağı Anzaf. Three exemplars are preserved, but likely there were four inscriptions (one at each corner of the fortress). The text is inscribed on large blocks of limestone. They were found near the road between Van and Özalp. Exemplars A and B are kept in the Van Museum, exemplar C is incorporated in a wall of a house, which was built near the fortress.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006881/] of A 2-6.
Sources:
Dimensions:
Block A: height: 75 cm; width: 185 cm; depth: 100 cm; 7 lines: line length: 60 cm; line height : 3.5 cm
Block B: height: 54 cm; width: 70 cm; depth: 58 cm; height of the inscribed surface: 22 cm; line length: 50 cm; line height : 3.5 cm (mutilated block)
Block C: height: 55 cm (max.); width: 130 cm; 6 lines: line length: 75 cm
Bibliography:
Belli, Oktay (1992): Arkeoloji ve Sanat 54/55: 15 (fig. 3).
Dinçol, Ali M. and Belkis Dinçol (1995): The new inscriptions and inscribed bronze finds from the excavations of the Urartian castles of Anzaf, Istanbul 1995: 28-29 (fig. p. 42).
Concordance:
Salvini (2008) and Salvini (2018): CTU I 2-6A = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN App. 1, p. 531.
A 2-7
Description:
Inscription on a cylindrical stone from Ashağı Anzaf. Exemplar A is kept in the Van Museum as well as part one of exemplar B. Part two of exemplar B is kept on private estate (house of Ömer Özbey) north of Van.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006882 /] of A 2-7.
Sources:
Dimensions:
Stone A: height: 18 cm (max.); diameter: 89 cm; void space above the inscription: 5 cm; line height : 3.5 cm; interlinear space: 3.5 cm
Stone B (1): height: 16,5 cm (max.); diameter: 89 cm; void space above the inscription: 5 cm; line height : 3.5 cm; interlinear space: 3.5 cm
Stone B (2): height 23 cm; void space above the inscription: 5 cm; void space beneath the inscription: 7.5 cm (about a quarter of the circle)
Bibliography:
Hulin, Peter (1960): New Urartian Inscribed Stones at Anzaf, Anatolian Studies 10: 205-207. (plate: XXVII, nr. 2.)
Dinçol Ali. M. and Belkis Dinçol (1995): Die neuen Inschriften und beschrifteten Bronzefunde aus den Ausgrabungen von den urartäischen Burgen von Anzaf, Istanbul 1995: 27-28. (p. 42 fig. 4a.)
Concordance:
Salvini (2008) and Salvini (2018): CTU I A 2-7A = Melikišvili (1971a): UKN II 371 = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 25
A 2-8
Description:
Inscription on a cylindrical stone from Aşağı Anzaf kept in the Van Museum (10.11.98).
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006883/] of A 2-8.
Sources:
Dimensions:
height: 25.5 cm; diameter: 70 cm; void space above the lines: 2.8 cm; line height : 3.4 cm
Concordance:
Salvini (2008) and Salvini (2018): CTU I A 2-8
A 2-9
Description:
Inscriptions on stelae found near Karahan among the ruins of an Armenian church on the hill Hazine Mevkii. It is likely that they originally belonged to the fortress of Karahan. In the Middle Ages they were reused as Christian tombstones. Today the stelae are kept in the Van Museum.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006884/] of A 2-9.
Sources:
Dimensions:
Stele A: height: 117 cm; width: 67 cm; depth: 31 cm; void space above the inscription: 26 cm; hight of lines: 3.5 cm (lines 5-25 are duplicate of B lines 1-21)
Stele B: height: 113 cm; width: 67 cm; depth: 31 cm; height of the visible part of inscription: 112 cm; line height : 3.8 cm
Bibliography:
Burney, Charles (1957): Urartian Fortresses and Towns in the Van Region, Anatolian Studies 7: 43.
Dinçol, Ali M. and Ersin Kavaklı (1978a): Van bölgesinde bulunmuş yeni Urartu yazıtları / Die neuen Urartaeischen Inschriften aus der Umgebung von Van, Jahrbuch für kleinasiatische Forschungen 1, İstanbul 1978 (particularly pp. 55-59).
Dinçol, Ali M. and Ersin Kavakli (1978b): Neuere urartäische Inschriften aus dem Dorfe Karahan, Anadolu Araştırmaları 6: 19–32.
Salvini, Mirjo (1993): Reflexions about the Urartian shrines of the stelae, in: Studies in honor of Nimet Özgüç, Ankara 1993, 543-548 (pl. 93).
Concordance:
Salvini (2008) and Salvini (2018): CTU I A 2-9B = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 20A
Description:
Inscription of two continuous lines on cylindrical stone. It was found in the church of Patnos and is kept in the Van Museum.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006885/] of A 2-10.
Sources:
Dimensions:
height: 43 cm; diameter: 75 cm; line height : 3.5 cm; interlinear space: 3.5 cm
Bibliography:
Güterbock, Hans Gustav (1963): Urartian Inscriptions in the Museum of Van, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 22: 269.
Concordance:
Salvini (2008) and Salvini (2018): CTU I A 2-10 = Lehmann-Haupt (1928-1935): CICh 7 + 9 = Melikišvili (1960): UKN 14 + 16 (with photo 7 of a partial cast at the Georgian Museum of Tiflis) = König (1955-1957): HchI 5b = Melikišvili (1971a): UKN II 14 + 16 = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 17, 18
Description:
Badly damaged inscription of three lines on cylindrical sandstone. It is the largest inscription of this type on cylindrical stone. It was found in 2012 about 800 m north of Van.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007975] of A 2-11.
Sources:
Dimensions:
height: 28 cm; diameter: 104 cm; line height : 2.8 cm; interlinear space 2.5 cm
Bibliography:
Kenan Işık, Bülent Genç, The Location of URUṬušpa and a New Inscribed Column Base belonging to Išpuini, King of Urartu, AJNES VII/1, 2012, 72-79 (Tab. XVI-XVII).
Concordance:
Salvini (2018): CTU V A 2-11
Birgit Christiansen, 'Stone and Rock Inscriptions (A 02)', Electronic Corpus of Urartian Texts (eCUT) Project, The eCUT Project, a sub-project of MOCCI, 2020 [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/urartianrulersandtheirinscriptions/ipuinisonofsarduriia2andb2/stoneandrockinscriptionsa02/]
http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/urartianrulersandtheirinscriptions/ipuinisonofsarduriia2andb2/stoneandrockinscriptionsa02/