Stone and Rock Inscriptions
A 10-1 A 10-2 A 10-3 A 10-4 A 10-5 A 10-6 A 10-7
Map showing the distribution of the stone inscriptions of Rusa, son of Sarduri II, in: Mirjo Salvini, CTU I: 494.
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Rusa, son of Sarduri / ass. Sarduri Synchronisms: see portal page "Introduction" |
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Assyrian Sources: see portal page "Introduction" |
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Urartian Sources |
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Stone inscriptions |
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CTU A 10-01: gaining control of the land Uelikuḫi; construction of a Gate for the God Ḫaldi and of a fortress named "Fortress / City of the God Ḫaldi"; object: stone block; provenience: Kamo |
CTU A 10-02: annalistic text (short notes on campaigns); construction of fortresses one of which is named "Fortress / City of the God Ḫaldi"; providing administration for the region by installing a governor; object: rock inscription; provenience: Tsovinar |
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CTU A 10-03: annalistic text (short notes on campaigns); probably providing votive offerings to the god Ḫaldi in Muṣaṣir and gaining control over Muṣaṣir; object: stele; provenience: Movana |
CTU A 10-04: annalistic text (short notes on campaigns); campaign and gaining control over Muṣaṣir; object: stele; provenience: Mergeh Karvan |
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CTU A 10-05: annalistic text (short notes on campaigns); probably providing votive offerings to Ḫaldi in Muṣaṣir campaign and gaining control over Muṣaṣir; object: stele; provenience: Topzawa |
CTU A 10-06: establishing of state cult rituals; object: slab; provenience: Mahmudabad |
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CTU A 10-07: erection of a stele for the god Teišeba; object: stele; provenience: Van |
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Inscriptions on metal objects |
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CTU B 10-1: bronze shield; Urartian inscription; votive offering to the god Ḫaldi; provenience: Karmir Blur |
CTU B 10-2: bronze cup; Urartian inscription; statement of ownership; provenience: Karmir Blur |
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CTU B 10-3A-C: bronze cups; Urartian inscription; statement of ownership; provenience: Karmir Blur |
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Literature: Salvini (1995: 78-99); CTU I: 493-532; CTU III: 275-321; Fuchs (2012); Kroll et al. (2012: 17); Roaf (2012). |
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A 10-1
Description:
- Stele/stone block with an account of military campaign (gaining control of the land Uelikuḫi) and building projects (construction of a Gate for the God Ḫaldi and of a fortress named "Fortress / City of the God Ḫaldi"). The text runs across contiguous faces at a right angle of a poorly blurred basalt stone. It comes from Berdi-Gluh/Kamo (Nor-Bajazet). Originally, it was inserted in the factory of a building.
Edition:
- Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007085/] of A 10-1.
Sources:
- A 10-1
Dimensions:
- left: height: 47 cm; width (max.): 64.5 cm; depth (max.): 95 cm; height of the inscription: 32 cm; width of the inscription: 61 cm; height of lines: 3.5-4.2 cm
- right: height: 42 cm; width (max.): 74 cm; depth: 74 cm; height of the inscription: 32 cm; width of the inscription: 64 cm
- length of the lines in total: 127 cm
Bibliography:
- Meščaninov, J. (1930-31): Neue chaldische Inschriften. I. Die Inschrift von Nor-Bajazet, Archiv für Orientforschung VI, 1930-1931, 273-279 (276: illegible photos, 277: autographs).
- Salvini, Mirjo (2002): The Stone Inscription of Nor-Bajazet (Kamo, now Gavar), in: Biscione, Raffaele, Simon Amajakjan, and Neda Parmegiani (Eds.): The North- Eastern Frontier Urartians and Non-Urartians in the Sevan Lake Basin, 1, The Southern Shores. Documenta Asiana 7, Rome 2002, 53-55, with photos at fig. 5-7.
Concordance:
- Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 10-1 = Lehmann-Haupt (1928-1935): ClCH 147A (Project) = Melikišvili (1960): UKN 265 = König (1955-1957): HchI 119 = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 388 (one stone from Kamo/Nor Bajazet)
A 10-2
Description:
- Rock inscription with annalistic account of military campaigns, building projects (construction of fortresses of which one is named "Fortress / City of the God Ḫaldi") and installation of a governor. It is located in Tsovinar/Kolagran.
Edition:
- Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007086/] of A 10-2.
Sources:
- A 10-2
Dimensions:
- height: 88 cm; width: 133 cm; height of lines: 4.5 cm
Bibliography:
- Salvini, Mirjo (2002): The Rock Inscription of Tsovinar by Rusa I. Relating the Conquest of the Southern Shore of Lake Sevan, in: Biscione, Raffaele, Simon Amajakjan, and Neda Parmegiani (Eds.): The North- Eastern Frontier Urartians and Non-Urartians in the Sevan Lake Basin, 1, The Southern Shores. Documenta Asiana 7, Rome 2002, 56-57, with photos in fig. 8 (the fortress of Tsovinar 1/Odzaberd), 128-136.
Concordance:
- Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 10-2 = Nikol'skij XVIII = Lehmann-Haupt (1928-1935): ClCH 147 = Melikišvili (1960): UKN 266 = König (1955-1957): HchI 118 = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 389
A 10-3
Description:
- Stele with bilingual annalistic account of miliary campaigns and offering prescriptions (to the god Ḫaldi in Muṣaṣir) and gaining control over Muṣaṣir. The stele is dotted with rifle holes. Afterwards it was reused as cover of a tomb. On the front and on the right of the stele, there is the Urartian text. The Assyrian text is on the rear and on the left side. In the Assyrian version, there is preserved a curse formula. Provenience: Movana, now kept in the Urumiyeh Museum (Urmia).
Edition:
- Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007087/] of A 10-3.
Sources:
- A 10-3
Dimensions:
- height: 200 cm + 73 cm; width: 69.5 cm; thickness: 32.5 cm
- right face: inscribed area: 2.40 cm; height of lines: 4.2 cm
- left face: inscribed area (Assyrian): 80 cm beneath the Urartian version; 24 lines; height of the inscription: 132 cm; height of lines: 4.1 cm
Bibliography:
- André-Salvini, Béatrice and Mirjo Salvini (2002): The Bilingual Stele of Rusa I from Movana (West-Azerbaijan, Iran), Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici 44, 2002, 5-66; with photos and autograph copies; 33: synoptic sketch of the three stelae and 27: table of correspondence between the three duplicates.
Concordance:
- Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 10-3
A 10-4
Description:
- Stele with bilingual annalistic account of military campaigns (inter alia gaining control over Muṣaṣir). On the front, there is the Urartian text. On the rear is the Assyrian version. In the Assyrian version there is preserved a curse formula. Provenience: Mergeh Karvan, now kept in the Museum of Ancient Iran (Teheran).
Edition:
- Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007088/] of A 10-4.
Sources:
- A 10-4
Dimensions:
- height: 68-70 cm; width: 66-67 cm; depth: 26.5 cm; height of lines: 3.5-4 cm
Bibliography:
- Salvini, Mirjo (1984): The bilingual Urartian-Assyrian of Rusa I, in: Pecorella, Paulo E. and Mirjo Salvini (Eds.): Tra lo Zagros e l'Urmia: Richerche storiche ed archeologiche nell'Azerbaigiano Iranico. Rome 1984, 79-95.
Concordance:
- Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 10-4
A 10-5
Description:
- Stele with bilingual (Urartian-Assyrian) annalistic account of military campaigns (inter alia gaining control over Muṣaṣir) and offering prescriptions. On the front, there is the Urartian version. In the Assyrian version, there is preserved a curse formula. Provenience: Topzawa, now kept in the Erbil Museum.
Edition:
- Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007089/] of A 10-5.
Sources:
- A 10-5
Dimensions:
- height of the stele: 116 cm (original height: at least 230 cm); height of the pedestal: 35 cm; width: 71.8 cm; depth: 32.8 cm
Bibliography:
- Salvini, Mirjo (1984): The bilingual Urartian-Assyrian of Rusa I, in: Pecorella, Paulo E. and Mirjo Salvini (Eds.): Tra lo Zagros e l'Urmia: Richerche storiche ed archeologiche nell'Azerbaigiano Iranico. Rome 1984, 79-95.
Concordance:
- Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 10-5 = Lehmann-Haupt (1928-1935): ClCH 146 (Project) = Melikišvili (1960): UKN 264 = König (1955-1957): HchI 122 = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 387
A 10-6
Description:
- Rectangular dark grey limestone slab with cult inscription (establishing of state cult rituals). Provenience: Mahmudabad.
Edition:
- Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007090/] of A 10-6.
Sources:
- A 10-6
Dimensions:
- height: 62 cm; width: 90.5 cm; depth: 22 cm
Bibliography:
- Salvini, Mirjo (1977): Eine neue urartäische Inschrift aus Mahmud Abad (West Azerbaidjan), Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 10, 1977, 125-136.
- Salvini, Mirjo (1984): L'epigrafe di Mahmud Abad, in: Salvini, Mirjo (1984): The bilingual Urartian-Assyrian of Rusa I, in: P Pecorella, Paulo E. and Mirjo Salvini (Eds.): Tra lo Zagros e l'Urmia: Richerche storiche ed archeologiche nell'Azerbaigiano Iranico. Rome 1984: 77f.; 157, N° 53.
Concordance:
- Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 10-6 = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 392
A 10-7
Description:
- Stele with inscription for the Weather-god Teišeba; transformed into a circular stone and reused in a house at Van-Aygistan, now kept in the Georgian National Museum (Tbilisi).
Edition:
- Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q007091/] of A 10-7.
Sources:
- A 10-7
Dimensions:
- height: 72 cm; depth: 31 cm; height of the inscription: 41 cm; width of the inscription: 70 cm; height of lines: 5 cm
Concordance:
- Salvini (2008 and 2018): CTU A 10-7 = Lehmann-Haupt (1928-1935): ClCH 144 (Tab. XLI, cast) = UPMG 22 (Tab. XXVIII, photo of the original) = Melikišvili (1960): UKN 267 = König (1955-1957): HchI 120 = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 390
Birgit Christiansen
Birgit Christiansen, 'Stone and Rock Inscriptions', Electronic Corpus of Urartian Texts (eCUT) Project, The eCUT Project, a sub-project of MOCCI, 2020 [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/urartianrulersandtheirinscriptions/rusasonofsarduriiia10andb10/stoneandrockinscriptions/]